nemato

Nematoda

Hanel L. 1999: Nematoda. In: Opravilova V., Vanhara J. & Sukop I. (eds): Aquatic Invertebrates of the Palava Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO. Folia Fac. Sci. Nat. Uni. Masaryk. Brun., Biol., 101: 67-77.

Explanations:

Abbreviations following species name identify

1 - locality (e.g., PO: 15.7)	4 - trophic relations (e.g., bf)
2 - source (e.g., (5))	5 - abundance (e.g., A3)
3 - ecological characteristics (e.g., aq)	6 - frequency (e.g., F2)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

LIST OF SPECIES

	Czech Republic	Palava Biosphere Reserve
Number of species	501	148

MONHYSTERIDA

XYALIDAE

Daptonema cf. dubium (Butschli, 1873): PO: 15.7, DY: 20.3; 20.5 (5), bf, si, ap, ue?, aq, A3, F2.

Theristus agilis (de Man, 1880): KU, LA (3, 4), bf, si, ue, sq, A3, F2.

MONHYSTERIDAE

Eumonhystera dispar (Bastian, 1865): BL: 13.1, DY: 20.1, MJ: 4.4; 4.8; 4.10-11, PO: 15.7 (5), bf, si, aq, sq, A3, F3.

E. filiformis (Bastian, 1865): DY: 20.1; 20.3; 20.5-6, MJ: 4.4; 4.9; 4.11-12, NL: 6.5; 6.9; 6.16; 6.18, LU: 11.1-2, PO: 15.1; 15.3; 15.6-8, PV: 1.2-3, RA: 17.1; 17.4, bf, si, aq, sq, A5, F5.

E. pseudobulbosa (von Daday, 1896): DY: 20.5-6, PV: 1.3 (5), bf, si, aq, A1, F1.

E. vulgaris (de Man, 1880): KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, PO (3, 4), BL: 13.1, DY: 20.1, LU: 11.1, MJ: 4.8-9, PO: 15.3-4 (5), bf, si, aq, sq, so, A3, F3.

Monhystera stagnalis Bastian, 1865: NL: 6.16, PO: 15.1; 15.3; 15.8; 15.15 (3, 4), bf, si, aq, A3, F3.

ARAEOLAIMIDA

HALAPHANOLAIMIDAE

Aphanolaimus aquaticus von Daday, 1894: NL: 6.17 (5), bf, aq, A1, F1.

Paraphanolaimus behningi Micoletzky, 1923: NL: 6.10 (5), bf, aq, A1, F1.

CYLINDROLAIMIDAE

Cylindrolaimus bambus Andrassy, 1968: KU, MD, ML (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A2, F3.

RHABDOLAIMIDAE

Rhabdolaimus aquaticus de Man, 1880: MJ: 4.11 (5), bf, aq, A1, F1.

PLECTIDAE

Anaplectus granulosus (Bastian, 1865): BR (1), BR (2), KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), PO: 15.3; 15.5 (5), bf, so, sq, aq, A4, F5.

Ceratoplectus armatus (Butschli, 1873): KU, LA , MD (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F3.

Plectus acuminatus Bastian, 1865: KJ, KU, LA, ML, NE (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A4, F5.

P. aquatilis Andrassy, 1985: DY: 20.1; 20.3; 20.5, LU: 11.1-2, MJ: 4.9; 4.11, PO: 15.3, PT: 7.1, RA: 17.4 (5), bf, aq, A3, F3.

P. geophilus de Man, 1880: MD (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F4.

P. longicaudatus Butschli, 1873: BR (2), KJ, LA, NE (3, 4), MJ: 4.4 (5), bf, so, sq, aq, A4, F5.

P. opisthocirculus Andrassy, 1952: LU: 11.1, MJ: 4.8-10; 4.12 (5), bf, aq, A3, F3.

P. parietinus Bastian, 1865: BR (1), BR (2), LA, MD, PO (3, 4), JE: 5.2, KA: 12.20, KJ: 3.2, LU: 11.1, MJ: 4.4; 4.8, PO: 15.3; 15.15, RA: 17.2 (5), bf, so, sq, aq, A4, F5.

P. parvus Bastian, 1865: BR, LE (1), KU, NE (3, 4), bf, so, sq, aq, A3, F4.

P. rhizophilus de Man, 1880: KJ, MD (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F3.

P. sambesii Micoletzky, 1915: NE (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A3, F3.

P. tenuis Bastian, 1865: NL: 6.5 (5), bf, aq, A1, F1.

Tylocephalus auriculatus (Bütschli, 1873): KJ, KU, LA, ML (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F3.

Wilsonema otophorum (de Man, 1880): KJ (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F3.

CHROMADORIDA

CHROMADORIDAE

Chromadorina bioculata (Schultze, 1857): CA: 18.2; 18.6, DY: 20.1-3; 20.5-6, KJ: 3.4, LU: 11.1-2, MJ: 4.8-9; 4.11-12, NL: 6.5, PN: 14.7, PO: 15.3; 15.7-8, PT: 7.1, PV: 1.3-4, RA: 17.11, bf, ue?, aq, A5, F4.

TERATOCEPHALIDA

TERATOCEPHALIDAE

Metateratocephalus crassidens (de Man, 1880): NE (3, 4), bf, so A3, F3.

M. gracilicaudatus Andrassy, 1985: KJ (3, 4), bf, sq, A2, F2.

Teratocephalus dadayi Andrassy, 1968: NE (3, 4), bf, so, A1, F1.

T. terrestris (Bütschli, 1873): KJ (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A3, F3.

RHABDITIDA

CEPHALOBIDAE

Acrobeles ciliatus Linstow, 1877: BR, LE (1), BR (2), ML, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F2.

Acrobeloides buetschlii (de Man, 1884): ML (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F3.

A. nanus (de Man, 1880): BR, LE (1), BR (2), KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A5, F5.

Acrolobus emarginatus (de Man, 1880): BR, LE (1), BR (2), KU (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F2.

Cephalobus persegnis Bastian, 1865: BR, LE (1), BR (2), KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A4, F4.

C. troglophilus Andrassy, 1967: KJ, MD (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F2.

Cervidellus serratus (Thorne, 1925): ML (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F2.

C. similis (Thorne, 1925): ML (3, 4), bf, so, A1, F1.

Eucephalobus mucronatus Kozlowska et Roguska-Wasilewska, 1963): KJ, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A2, F2.

E. oxyuroides (de Man, 1876): BR, LE (1), BR (2), KU, LA, MD, NE, PO (3, 4), PO: 15.1 (5), bf, so, A4, F4 .

E. striatus (Bastian, 1865): KJ, LA, MD, NE, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F3.

Heterocephalobus elongatus (de Man, 1880): KJ, LA, MD, ML, NE (3, 4), PO: 15.3 (5), bf, so, sq, A3, F3.

PANAGROLAIMIDAE

Panagrolaimus rigidus (Steiner, 1866): KU, MD (3, 4), CE: 10.5, LU: 11.11, MJ: 4.8; 4.12, PL: 9.4 (5), bf, so, sq, aq, A4, F5.

RHABDITIDAE

Bursilla monhystera (Butschli, 1873): KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE (3, 4), bf, so, A3, F3.

Protorhabditis oxyuris (Claus, 1862)²⁾: BR (2), bf, so, A2, F2.

Rhabditis brevispina (Claus, 1862)¹⁾: BR, LE (1), BR (2), bf, so A?, F?

Rhabditis terricola Dujardin, 1845: KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), bf, so, A4, F5.

Rhities inermis (Schneider, 1866): BR, LE (1), bf, so, A2, F2.

DIPLOSCAPTERIDAE

Diploscapter coronatus (Cobb, 1893): KU (3, 4), bf, so, A1, F2.

DIPLOGASTERIDA

DIPLOGASTERIDAE

Diplogaster rivalis (Leydig, 1854): CA: 18.2, CE: 10.6, DY: 20.3; 20.5, JE: 5.2, KJ: 3.4, LU: 11.1, LR: 8.14; 8.18, MJ: 4.4; 4.8; 4.11-12, NL: 6.9; 6.10; 6.16-18, PO: 15.1; 15.3-5; 15.8; 15.15, PT: 7.1, RA: 17.1-2; 17.5 (5), aq, sq, A5, F5.

APHELENCHIDA

APHELENCHIDAE

Aphelenchus avenae Bastian, 1865: BR, LE (1), BR (2), KJ, KU (3, 4), hf, pf, so, sq, aq, A3, F3.

PARAPHELENCHIDAE

Paraphelenchus pseudoparietinus (Micoletzky, 1922): KJ (3, 4), hf, so, A3, F3.

APHELENCHOIDIDAE

Aphelenchoides bicaudatus (Imamura, 1931): NE (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F2.

A. curiolis Gritzenko, 1971: KJ, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), hf, so, A3, F3.

A. daubichaensis Eroshenko, 1968: MD (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F1.

A. parasubtenuis Shavrov, 1967: KJ (3, 4), hf, so, A1, F1.

A. parietinus (Bastian, 1865): BR, LE (1), BR (2), hf, so, A3, F3.

A. saprophilus Franklin, 1957: KJ (3, 4), PO: 15.1 (5), hf, so, sq, A3, F4.

A. spicomucronatus Truskova, 1973: KJ, LA, ML, NE (3, 4), hf, so, A3, F3.

SEINURIDAE

Seinura varibulbosa Haque, 1966: KU (3, 4), ap, so, A1, F1.

TYLENCHIDA

TYLENCHIDAE

Aglenchus agricola (de Man, 1884): BR (2), KU (3, 4), pf, so, sq, A3, F4.

Boleodorus thylactus Thorne, 1941: KJ, KU, MD, PO (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

Coslenchus costatus (de Man, 1921): KU, NE, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

Filenchus amaritus Zell, 1988: ML, KU (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. discrepans (Andrassy, 1954): NE (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. ditissimus (Brzeski, 1963): KJ, ML (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A4, F4.

F. facultativus (Szczygiel, 1970): KU (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A1, F1.

F. istvani Zell, 1988: ML (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. longicaudatulus Zell, 1988: LA, ML, MD (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. misellus (Andrassy, 1958): LA (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. quartus (Szczygiel, 1969): KU, LA, MD, ML, PO (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F2.

F. recisus Greval, 1991: KJ (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A1, F1.

F. tenuis/annulatus (Siddiqi et Khan, 1983): KJ, KU, MD, ML, NE (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

F. thornei (Andrassy, 1954): KU, MD, NE (3, 4), pf, hf, so, sq, A3, F2.

F. vulgaris (Brzeski, 1963): KJ, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A4, F5.

F. zaphari (Mavljanov, 1976): KJ, KU, MD (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A2, F2.

Lelenchus leptosoma (de Man, 1880): LA (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A2, F3.

Malenchus acarayensis Andrassy, 1968: LA, ML, NE (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F3.

M. cognatus Andrassy, 1981: MD (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A1, F2.

M. nanellus Siddiqi, 1979: PO: 15.1 (5), so, sa, A1, F1.

Neopsilenchus magnidens (Thorne, 1949): KJ, KU (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A3, F2.

PSILENCHIDAE

Psilenchus aestuarius Andrassy, 1962: MD (3, 4), pf, hf, so, sq, A1, F1.

P. hilarulus de Man, 1921: LA (3, 4), KU (3, 4), pf, hf, so, sq, A2, F2.

P. terextremus Hagemeyer et Allen, 1952: KU (3, 4), pf, hf, so, A1, F1.

DOLICHODORIDAE

Amplimerlinius globigerus Siddiqi, 1979: KU, LA, ML (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

Bitylenchus dubius (Butschli, 1873): PO (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F4.

Geocenamus nothus (Allen, 1955): LA (3, 4), KU (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

Tylenchorhynchus latus Allen, 1955: KU, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

HOPLOLAIMIDAE

Helicotylenchus exallus Sherr, 1966: KJ, KU, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

H. multicinctus (Cobb, 1893): BR, LE (1), pf.

H. pseudodigonicus Szczygiel, 1970: KJ, NE, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

Rotylenchus fallorobustus Sherr, 1965: ML, NE (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

PRATYLENCHIDAE

Pratylenchus crenatus Loof, 1960: KJ, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F4.

P. pratensis (de Man, 1880): KJ, KU, LA, ML, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F4.

P. pseudopratensis Seinhorst, 1968: KJ, PO (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

TYLENCHULIDAE

Paratylenchus microdorus Andrassy, 1959: KU (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

P. projectus Jenkins, 1956: KJ, KU (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

P. straeleni (de Coninck, 1931): KU, LA, MD, NE (3, 4), pf, so, sq, A3, F3.

CRICONEMATODAE

Criconemella macrodora (Taylor, 1937): NE (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

C. parva (Raski, 1952): KU (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F2.

Macroposthonia rustica (Micoletzky, 1915): KU (3, 4), pf, so, A3, F3.

ANGUINIDAE

Ditylenchus acutatus Brzeski, 1991: KJ, KU (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F2.

D. parvus Zell, 1988: LA, NE, PO (3, 4), hf, so, A3, F4.

D. silvaticus Brzeski, 1991: MD (3, 4), hf, so, A3, F3.

ENOPLIDA

OXYSTOMINIDAE

Bastiania gracilis de Man, 1876: LA, NE (3, 4), RA: 17.11 (5), bf, so, sq, aq, A2, F2.

ALAIMIDAE

Alaimus meyli Andrassy, 1961: MD (3, 4), bf, so, sq, aq, A2, F3.

A. parvus Thorne, 1939: KJ, KU, LA, MD (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A3, F3.

A. primitivus de Man, 1880: BR (1), BR (2), KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4), bf, so, sq, aq, A3, F4.

Paramphidelus dolichurus (de Man, 1876): KJ, MD (3, 4), bf, so, sq, aq, A2, F2.

P. cf. macer Andrassy, 1977: NE (3, 4), bf, sq, A1, F1.

P. pusillus (Thorne, 1939): ML (3, 4), bf, so, A1, F1.

TRIPYLIDAE

Tripyla filicaudata de Man, 1880: LA (3, 4), LU: 11.8 (5), ap, so, sq, aq, A3, F3.

T. glomerans Bastian, 1865: DY: 20.6, KJ: 3.4, MD: 19.2, PO: 15.5; 15.15 (5), sq, aq, A2, F2.

TOBRILIDAE

Brevitobrilus stefanskii (Micoletzky, 1925): PO: 15.3; 15.8 (5), aq, A1, F1.

Neotobrilus diversipapillatus (von Daday, 1905): DY: 20.5, PO: 15.8 (5), aq, A1, F1.

Tobrilus gracilis (Bastian, 1865): BL: 13.1, DY: 20.1; 20.5, JE: 5.2, KJ: 3.2; 3.4, LR: 8.14, LU: 11.1-2, MD: 19.7, MJ: 4.4; 4.9-12, MR: 2.4, NL: 6.9; 6.16; 6.18, PL: 9.4, PN: 14.7, PO: 15.3-4; 15.6-9; 15.15, PT: 7.1, RA: 17.1-2 (5), aq, A5, F5.

PRISMATOLAIMIDAE

Prismatolaimus dolichurus de Man, 1880: DY: 20.3, MD: 19.2 (5), sq, aq, A2, F3.

P. intermedius (Butschli, 1873): KJ, NE (3, 4), bf, so, sq, A3, F3.

MONONCHIDA

MYLONCHULIDAE

Mylonchulus brachyuris (Butschli, 1873): BR (1), BR (2), KJ, KU, MD (3, 4), ap, so, sq, A3, F3.

MONONCHIDAE

Clarkus papilatus (Bastian, 1865): BR, LE (1), KJ, MD, ML, NE (3, 4), ap, so, sq, aq, A3, F4.

Mononchus truncatus Bastian, 1865: DY: 20.2-3, KJ: 3.4, KY: 21, MD: 19.7, PO: 15.3; 15.8, RA: 17.11 (5), ap, aq, A3, F3.

Prionchulus punctatus (Cobb, 1971): LA (3, 4), ap, so, sq, A3, F4.

ANATONCHIDAE

Anatonchus tridentatus (de Man, 1876): LA, MD (3, 4), LU: 11.8 (5), ap, so, sq, aq, A3, F3.

DORYLAIMIDA

DORYLAIMIDAE

Dorylaimus stagnalis Dujardin, 1845: CA: 18.7, DY: 20.1-3; 20.5-6, JE: 5.2, KJ: 3.2; 3.4, LU: 11.2, MD: 19.2; 19.7, MJ: 4.8; 4.10; 4.12, MR: 2.7, PN: 14.4; 14.7, PO: 15.1; 15.3; 15.6-9; 15.15, PT: 7.1 (5), om, sq, aq, A3, F4.

Mesodorylaimus bastiani (Butschli, 1873): BR (1), KU, LA (3, 4), MJ: 4.9, PO: 15.1 (5), om, so, sq, aq, A4, F4.

Mesodorylaimus flavomaculatus (Linstow, 1876): MJ: 4.11, PO: 15.7 (5), om, aq, A2, F2.

M. meyli (Andrassy, 1958): KU, LA, MD (3, 4), om, so, sq, A2, F2.

M. cf. pseudobastiani Loof, 1969: KU (3, 4), om, so.

Prodorylaimus acris (Thorne, 1939): KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML (3, 4), om, sq, A3, F3.

APORCELAIMIDAE

Aporcelaimellus obtusicaudatus (Bastian, 1865): BR, LE (1), KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO (3, 4) PO: 15.2; 15.6, PT: 7.1 (5), om, so, sq, aq, A4, F5.

Aporcelaimus eurydorys (Ditlevsen, 1911): LE (1), om, so, A1, F1.

QUDSIANEMATIDAE

Allodorylaimus granuliferus (Cobb, 1893): KJ, LA, ML, NE (3, 4), om, so, sq, A2, F2.

Discolaimus major Thorne, 1939: PO (3, 4), om, so, A1, F1.

D. texanus Cobb, 1966: BR (1), LE (1), om, so, A1, F1.

Eudorylaimus acuticauda (de Man, 1880): PO (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

E. centrocercus (de Man, 1880): KU (3, 4), om, sq, A3, F3.

E. jurassicus (Altherr, 1953): LE (1), om, so, A1, F1.

E. lindbergi Andrassy, 1960: PO: 15.2 (5), sq, aq, A1, F1.

E. longicardius Thorne, 1974: MD, PO (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

E. cf. nodus (Thorne et Swanger, 1936): LA (3, 4), om, so, A1, F1.

E. pseudobokori Zell, 1986: KJ (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

E. silvaticus Brzeski, 1960: NE (3, 4), om, so, A3, F3.

Microdorylaimus longicollis Brzeski, 1964: ML (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

M. thornei (Tjepkema et al, 1971): NE (3, 4), om, so, A1, F2.

Thonus circulifer Loof, 1961: KJ (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

T. ettersbergensis (de Man, 1885): KJ, LA, MD, PO (3, 4), om, so, A3, F3.

T. paracirculifer (Brzeski, 1962): KJ, KU, MD, ML (3, 4), om, so, A2, F2.

NORDIIDAE

Pungentus cf. alpinus Vinciguerra et Gianetto, 1984: MD, PO (3, 4), pf, om, so, A2, F1.

Longidorella parva Thorne, 1939: ML (3, 4), pf, so, A2, F2.

ACTINOLAIMIDAE

Paractinolaimus macrolaimus (de Man, 1880): PV: 1.4 (5), so, sq, aq, A3, F3.

LONGIDORIDAE

Xiphinema brevicole Lordello et De Costa, 1961: BR (1), pf, so, A2, F2.

X. vuittenezi Luc, Lima, Weischer et Flegg, 1964: BR, LE (1), pf, so, A2, F2.

BELONDIRIDAE

Axonchium coronatum (de Man, 1906): KU (3, 4), pf, om?, sq, A1, F1.

Oxydirus oxycephalus (de Man, 1885): KJ (3, 4), RA: 17.3 (5), pf, om?, so, sq, A2, F3.

TYLENCHOLAIMIDAE

Tylencholaimus constrictus Vinciguerra, 1986 MD: (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F1.

T. minutus Vinciguerra, 1986 ML (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F1.

MYDONOMIDAE

Dorylaimoides limnophilus (de Man, 1880): KU, ML (3, 4), om, sq, A2, F2.

D. micoletzkyi (de Man, 1921): KU, LA (3, 4), om, sq, A2, F2.

NYGOLAIMIDAE

Aquatides aquaticus (Thorne, 1930): JE: 5.1, KJ: 3.4, PO: 15.3 (5), aq, A2, F2.

Paravulvus hartingii (de Man, 1880): KU, MD (3, 4), ap, so, sq, A2, F3.

TRIPLONCHIDA

DIPHTHEROPHORIDAE

Diphtherophora perplexans (Cobb, 1913): KU, ML (3, 4), hf, so, A1, F1.

Tylolaimophorus typicus de Man, 1880: KU, LA, MD (3, 4), hf, so, A2, F2.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

SOURCE (publications, collections, unpublished data)

1. ERBENOVA M., 1976: Nematofauna v korenove zone vysadeb jabloni. /Nematodes in the rooter soil zone of apple orchards/. Vedecke prace ovocnarske, 5: 141-152. (In Czech).

2. ERBENOVA M, 1977: Nematodofauna v korenove zone slivoni. /The nematodes in the root zone of plum orchards/. Vedecke prace ovocnarske, 6: 361-370. (In Czech).

3. HANEL L., 1998: Soil nematodes (Nematoda) in meadow and forest ecosystems of the Palava Biosphere Reserve, Czech Republic. In: PIZL V. & TAJOVSKY K. (eds), Soil Zoological Problems in Central Europe. Proceedings of the 4^th central European Workshop on Soil zoology, Ceske Budejovice, Apr. 23-24, 1997, Institute of Soil biology, AS CR, Ceske Budejovice, pp. 37-44.

4. Coll. L. HANEL (abbr. KJ, KU, LA, MD, ML, NE, PO together with (3) refer to those oaM, mdM, hdM, olF, loF, hlF, toF in published source 3).

5. Coll. Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, M. HORSAK, P. KMET, M. OMESOVA & D. VARECHA leg., L. HANEL det. (material deposited at the Institute of Soil Biology AS CR, Ceske Budejovice).

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Ladislav Hanel (Institute of Soil Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na sadkach 7, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. e-mail: hanel@upb.cas.cz)